Synthesis of Research on Indicators and Componento Of Citizenship Rights and Providing a Comprehensive Model for Their Realization

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to synthesize research on the indicators and components of citizenship rights and to provide a meta-synthesis of theoretical models and conducted studies in the field of citizenship. The approach used in this article is qualitative and falls within the domain of synthesis research. The statistical population of this study includes all international and domestic articles, dissertations, and research conducted in this field. Over the past 16 years, more than 40 books, articles, and studies have been written on citizenship. From this body of work, a targeted sample of accessible sources from reputable domestic and international websites and journals was selected for review and analysis, considering their relevance and up-to-date nature. The results of this analysis, followed by their synthesis, formed a conceptual framework in the form of a comprehensive model for achieving citizenship, structured around three main pillars: legal codification of citizenship in the constitution, institutionalization and recognition of the law, and awareness and knowledge. In the second phase of the meta-synthesis of theoretical foundations, three categories emerged: the right to access, the right to protection and legal guarantees, along with a primary axis focusing on strengthening and expanding the public sphere. These elements can serve as criteria and a model for researchers interested in the field of citizenship