Developing a Causal Model of Quality of Life Based on Problem-Solving Ability with the Mediating Role of Pain Self-Efficacy in Cancer Patients
Keywords:
Quality of life, problem-solving ability, pain self-efficacy, cancer patientsAbstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the degree of fit of a causal model of quality of life based on problem-solving ability, with the mediating role of pain self-efficacy, using an empirical model among cancer patients. Methods and Materials: This study, in terms of purpose, is categorized as applied-fundamental research and, in terms of execution, is a descriptive study using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of all individuals diagnosed with cancer who visited cancer treatment clinics in Sanandaj during the fall of 2023. The sample size, estimated using G*Power software, was 186 individuals, based on an alpha level of 0.05, statistical power of 0.90, an effect size of 0.15, one predictor variable, and one mediating variable. Participants were selected through convenience sampling, and the study instruments were administered to them. The instruments included standardized questionnaires assessing quality of life, pain self-efficacy, and problem-solving ability. Data were analyzed using Amos software. Findings: The results indicated that the effect of problem-solving ability on quality of life (β = 0.369, p ≤ 0.001), the effect of pain self-efficacy on quality of life (β = 0.267, p ≤ 0.001), the effect of problem-solving ability on pain self-efficacy (β = 0.426, p ≤ 0.001), and the mediating effect of pain self-efficacy in the relationship between problem-solving ability and quality of life (β = 0.113, p ≤ 0.001) were all positive and statistically significant. The model fit index was 0.31, indicating strong model fit. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that problem-solving ability plays a significant role, both directly and indirectly (through pain self-efficacy), in enhancing the quality of life in cancer patients. Moreover, the positive and significant effect of pain self-efficacy on quality of life highlights the importance of psychological interventions in pain management and improving patient adjustment. The appropriate model fit further supports the use of this causal framework as a theoretical and practical basis for designing psychological interventions and rehabilitation programs aimed at improving the quality of life in cancer patients.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Shayesteh Chardavali (Author); Hamzeh Ahmadian; Bayzid Ghaderi, Omid Moradi (Author)
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